Red Ceder

Ons huis heeft hout aan de gevel: Red Ceder. Wat is het en is er bier van?

Ceder (Cedrus) is een geslacht van coniferen dat behoort bij de dennenfamilie (Pinaceae). Ceder is verwant aan dennen (Pinus) en sparren, en heeft net als deze kegelvormige vruchten. Ceders komen van nature voor in de westelijke Himalaya (1500-3200 m) en het Middellandse Zeegebied (1000-2200 m). Ceders zijn bekend vanwege het geurende en duurzame hout (http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceder).

Naaldhout is hout dat afkomstig is van naaldbomen, Coniferae, horend tot de Gymnospermae, de naaktzadigen. Het wordt ook wel zachthout genoemd, een anglicisme (Engels "softwood"). Naaldhout bevat vaak hars.De in Nederland meest gebruikte soorten naaldhout zijn vurenhout (afkomstig van de fijnspar) en grenenhout (afkomstig van de grove den) (http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naaldhout):

grenen grove denPinus silvestris
cedercederCedrus spp.
vurenfijnsparPicea abies

Gemiddeld is naaldhout aanmerkelijk zachter dan het gemiddelde loofhout. Binnen zachthout en binnen hardhout komt echter een grote variatie in hardheid voor. Zo is balsahout afkomstig van de loofboom Ochroma lagopus en dus hardhout, maar in werkelijkheid is balsahout zeer zacht, terwijl hout van de venijnboom (Taxus baccata) en de moerasden (Pinus palustris) veel harder is dan het hout van de meeste loofbomen.
Het verschil tussen zachthout en hardhout is ook gebaseerd op verschillen in de celstructuur. In zachthout komen geen houtvaten voor maar tracheïden voor het transport van water. Verder is zachthout in het algemeen makkelijk te zagen of te bewerken voor houtsnijwerk.
De hardheid van naaldhout hangt deels samen met de groeisnelheid. Zo is het hout van de grove den, het zogenaamde grenen, wanneer het afkomstig is uit gebieden met een gematigd klimaat zoals Nederland wat zachter dan wanneer het afkomstig is uit de Scandinavische landen waar het langzamer gegroeid is (http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naaldhout).


Cedar wood comes from several different trees known as cedars that grow in different parts of the world, and may have different uses.
California incense-cedar, from Calocedrus decurrens, is the primary type of wood used for making pencils
Taiwan incense-cedar, comes from Calocedrus formosana, an endangered species that has been over-harvested for its fragrant decay-resistant wood
Chinese incense-cedar, comes from Calocedrus macrolepis, which has been over-harvested for its fragrant decay-resistant wood
Cigar-box cedar or Spanish cedar, from Cedrela odorata, is fragrant, insect-repellent, and light-weight, primarily used to protect clothing from insects
Cedar from Cedrus, was once an important timber in the Mediterranean area, used for building and shipbuilding, but severely overexploited for thousands of years.
Port Orford cedar, from the western North American tree Chamaecyparis lawsoniana, is light-weight and durable, and particularly valued in east Asia
Japanese cedar, from Cryptomeria japonica, is a light-weight wood used in house-building
Mexican white cedar from Cupressus lusitanica, comes from a drought-resistant tree that has been widely cultivated for its timber for centuries
Eastern red cedar from Juniperus virginiana, is soft, red, fine-grained, fragrant, and decay-resistant, often used for fence posts
Ceylon cedar from Melia azedarach, is a high-quality timber that resembles Burmese Teak
Western red cedar from Thuja plicata, is soft red-brown, aromatic, decay-resistant, used for outdoor construction, shingles, and guitar-making,
Northern white cedar from Thuja occidentalis, comes from a relatively small tree, and is used for canoe-making, log cabins, fences, and shingles
Australian red cedar from Toona ciliata, is red, highly valued, and easy to work, used for furniture-making and shipbuilding (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cedar_wood)

White cedar may refer to several different trees:
Cupressaceae:
Chamaecyparis thyoides– Atlantic white cypress
Cupressus lusitanica– Mexican white cedar
Thuja occidentalis– Eastern arborvitae
Meliaceae:
Melia azedarach– Chinaberry, commonly referred to as white cedar in Australia
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_cedar)

Red Cedar may refer to:
Trees
Toona ciliata, an tree in the mahogany family native to Asia and Australia
Toona sureni, a tree in the mahogany family native from South Asia to Papua New Guinea
Juniperus virginiana, an eastern North American juniper
Thuja plicata, a western North American tree in the cypress family
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Cedar)


Toona ciliata is a forest tree in the mahogany family which grows throughout southern Asia from Afghanistan to Papua New Guinea and Australia. It is commonly known as the red cedar (a name shared by other trees), toon or toona (also applied to other members of the genus Toona), Burma cedar, Indian cedar, moulmein cedar, Australian red cedar or the Queensland red cedar. It is also sometimes known as Indian mahogany (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toona_ciliata).

Toona sureni is a species of tree in the mahogany family. It is native to South Asia, Indochina, Malesia, China, and Papua New Guinea. It is commonly known as the suren toon, surian, limpaga, iron redwood or the red cedar (a name also shared with various other trees). It is also sometimes known as the Indonesian mahogany or the Vietnamese mahogany. The species is a valuable timber tree.
Toona sureni belongs to the toon genus Toona of the mahogany family Meliaceae. It was first described by the German-Dutch botanist Carl Ludwig Blume in 1823 as Swietenia sureni. It was transferred to the genus Toona in 1917 by the American botanist Elmer Drew Merrill.
The tree is commonly known in English as the "suren toon" (or "suren toona"), "surian", "limpaga", "iron redwood" or the "red cedar". It is also sometimes known as the "Indonesian mahogany" or the "Vietnamese mahogany", though it is not a true mahogany (genus Swietenia) (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toona_sureni).


Juniperus virginiana — its common names include red cedar, eastern red-cedar, eastern redcedar, eastern juniper, red juniper, pencil cedar, and aromatic cedar — is a species of juniper native to eastern North America from southeastern Canada to the Gulf of Mexico and east of the Great Plains.
...
The fine-grained, soft brittle pinkish- to brownish-red heartwood is fragrant, very light and very durable, even in contact with soil. Because of its rot resistance, the wood is used for fence posts. The aromatic wood is avoided by moths, so it is in demand as lining for clothes chests and closets, often referred to as cedar closets and cedar chests. If correctly prepared, it makes excellent English longbows, flatbows, and Native American sinew-backed bows. The wood is marketed as "eastern redcedar" or "aromatic cedar" (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juniperus_virginiana).

Thuja plicata, commonly called western or Pacific redcedar, giant or western arborvitae, giant cedar, or shinglewood, is a species of Thuja, an evergreen coniferous tree in the cypress family Cupressaceae native to western North America. Despite its common names, it does not belong with the true cedars within the genus Cedrus.
Thuja plicata is a large to very large tree, ranging up to 65 to 70 m (213 to 230 ft) tall and 3 to 4 m (9.8 to 13.1 ft) in trunk diameter, exceptionally even larger. Trees growing in the open may have a crown that reaches the ground, whereas trees densely spaced together will exhibit a crown only at the top, where light can reach the leaves. It is long-lived; some individuals can live well over a thousand years, with the oldest verified being 1460 years
The species name plicata derives from the Latin word plicare, meaning "folded in plaits" or "braided," a reference to the pattern of its small leaves.
Most authorities, both in Canada and the United States cite the English name in two words as western redcedar, or occasionally hyphenated as western red-cedar, to indicate is not a cedar (Cedrus), but it is also confusingly cited as western red cedar in some popular works. In the American horticultural trade, it is also known as the giant arborvitae, by comparison with arborvitae for its close relative Thuja occidentalis. Other names include giant redcedar, Pacific redcedar, shinglewood, British Columbia cedar, canoe cedar, and red cedar (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thuja_plicata).

De reuzenlevensboom (Thuja plicata) is een boom uit de cipresfamilie (Cupressaceae). De boom heeft betekenis vanwege zijn hout in westelijk Noord-Amerika. De soort wordt gekweekt als sierboom in Europa. In tuinen en parken dient de boom ook voor beschutting. Het is een snelle groeier die 40 m hoog kan worden. In Arboretum Trompenburg te Rotterdam staat een reuzenlevensboom uit 1870.
De reuzenlevensboom levert licht en duurzaam hout met bleekgeel spinthout en oranjebruin kernhout. Dit hout staat bekend onder de naam western red cedar. Het wordt gebruikt voor hekwerkjes, palen, schuttingen, etc. Voor de Nederlandse architect is het de meest beeldbepalende houtsoort (http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reuzenlevensboom).