De Regio Banská Bystrica (Slowaaks: Banskobystrický kraj) is een bestuurlijke regio van Slowakije bestaande uit dertien okresy (districten). De hoofdstad is Banská Bystrica. De strook langs de zuidgrens van de regio wordt bewoond door de Hongaarse minderheid in Slowakije (http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bansk%C3%A1_Bystrica_(regio)).
The Banská Bystrica Region (Slovak: Banskobystrický kraj; Hungarian: Besztercebányai kerület) is one of the Slovak regions in the country of Slovakia in Europe. It is the largest of all Slovak regions by area. It was established in 1923 and from 1996 exists in its present borders. Banská Bystrica region consists of 514 municipalities, from which 24 have a status of towns. Administrative center is its seat Banská Bystrica, the largest district town. Other important towns are Zvolen and Brezno (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bansk%C3%A1_Bystrica_Region).
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Region of Banská Bystrica lies in the centre of the country and it borders on Hungary in the south. Part of this border coincides with the river Ipeľ. The natural symbol of the region is the river Hron.
Metropolis of the region with a rich mining history is the town Banská Bystrica. Monuments that are samples of popular architecture can bee seen in Špania Dolina and Hronsek (http://slovakia.travel/en/banska-bystrica-administrative-region).
De regio bestaat uit een aantal districten:
De districten (okresné) zijn (mestá):
Banská Bystrica
Banská Štiavnica
Brezno
Detva
Krupina
Lučenec
Poltár
Revúca
Rimavská Sobota
Veľký Krtíš
Zvolen
Žarnovica
Žiar nad Hronom
(www.kamnapivo.sk/banskobystricky-kraj/)
Banská Bystrica
Banská Bystrica (German: Neusohl; Hungarian: Besztercebánya) is a city in central Slovakia located on the Hron River in a long and wide valley encircled by the mountain chains of the Low Tatras, the Veľká Fatra, and the Kremnica Mountains. With 78 327 inhabitants, Banská Bystrica is the sixth most populous municipality in Slovakia. The present town was founded by German settlers, however it was built upon a former Slavic settlement. It obtained the municipal privileges of a free royal town of the Kingdom of Hungary in 1255. The copper mining town acquired its present picturesque look in the Late Middle Ages when the prosperous burghers built its central churches, mansions, and fortifications. It is the capital of the kraj (Banská Bystrica Region) and the okres (Banská Bystrica District). It is also the home of Matej Bel University. As a historical city with an easy access to the surrounding mountains, Banská Bystrica is a popular winter and summer tourist destination.
It is about half way between Slovakia's two largest cities, 208 kilometres (129 mi) north-east from Slovakia's capital Bratislava and 217 kilometres (135 mi) west of Košice.
Banská Bystrica is situated in the Hron River valley (Slovak: Pohronie). The Hron River curves through the city from the east to the south. The city nests among three mountain chains: the Low Tatras to the north-east, the Veľká Fatra to the north-west, and the Kremnica Mountains to the west. All three are protected areas because of their environmental value. Banská Bystrica hosts the headquarters of the Low Tatra National Park. Despite the proximity of these mountain ranges, the local landscape is dominated by the much lower Urpín Mountain, 510 metres (1,673 ft), which is a popular place of recreation.
Most of the historical monuments are concentrated near its central, picturesque SNP Square (Slovak: Námestie SNP), which teems with flowers and street cafes in the summer. The square is named after the Slovak National Uprising. It is dominated by a clock tower built in 1552. Although less known than its famous counterpart in Pisa, it is a leaning tower with the top 40 centimetres (16 inches) off the perpendicular.
The oldest part of Banská Bystrica is City Castle at the edge of SNP Square. It is enclosed within what has remained of its original fortifications − a barbican protecting the main gate, three bastions, and part of the walls. City Castle served as the city's administrative center and it also protected the king's treasury. The Parish Church (Slovak: Farský kostol) of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary built in the Romanesque and Gothic styles contains precious Gothic altars and sculptures.[10] One of the altars was carved by the famous Master Paul of Levoča. The church was built in the 13th century. It is still surrounded by remnants of its ancient cemetery. The neighboring Church of the Holy Cross was built in 1452 by the Slovak burghers (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bansk%C3%A1_Bystrica).
City Castle of Banská Bystrica (Mestský hrad) is a characteristic dominant and symbol of the historical center of Banská Bystrica. It is a national cultural monument.
The City Castle was built alongside the existing mining settlement that preceded the establishment of the city. Already in those days there was the Parish church of the Virgin Mary, which became the center of the new fortress in the Middle Ages. Its main function was to protect the revenues from the extraction of precious metals, particularly copper and silver, and the royal treasury (www.slovak-republic.org/banska-bystrica/).
German settlers in medieval times helped make Banska Bystrica rich and famous with their advanced mining techniques for gold, silver and copper.
The glory days of mining from the 14th-17th centuries left an architectural legacy of gothic and renaissance-era patrician mansions, plus churches ranging from Romanesque to baroque. The historic part of the city huddles around a beautifully restored medieval marketplace, now called Square of the Slovak National Uprising (namestie SNP).
Ironically, in the modern era this city – Slovakia’s third largest — is best known for its heroic struggle against the Germans during World War II. The Slovak National Uprising of 1944 took the lives of 30,000 Slovaks – men, women and children. Be sure to visit the museum commemorating the uprising (www.slovak-republic.org/banska-bystrica/).
The Slovak National Uprising (Slovak: Slovenské národné povstanie, abbreviated SNP) or 1944 Uprising was an armed insurrection organized by the Slovak resistance movement during World War II. It was launched on 29 August 1944 from Banská Bystrica in an attempt to resist German troops that began occupation of the Slovak territory and to overthrow the collaborationist government of Jozef Tiso. Although the rebel forces were defeated by Nazi Germany, guerrilla warfare continued until the Soviet Army, Czechoslovak Army and Romanian Army liberated Slovakia in 1945.
In the post-war period, many political entities attempted to "hijack" the uprising to their credit. The Stalinist regime in Czechoslovakia presented the Uprising as an event initiated and governed by Communist forces. Slovak ultranationalists, on the other hand, claim that the uprising was a plot against the Slovak nation, as one of its main objectives was to oust the regime of the puppet Slovak state and reestablish Czechoslovakia, in which Slovaks were dominated by Czechs. In fact, many factions fought in the uprising, including large rebel units of the Slovak Army, Democratic resistance and Communist partisans, and international forces. Given this factionalization, the Uprising did not have unambiguous popular support. Yet, the participants and supporters of the Uprising represented every religion, class, age, and anti-Nazi political faction of the Slovak nation.
Rebels began the uprising on August 29 8:00 p.m. under the command of Ján Golian. They entered Banská Bystrica in the morning of August 30 and made it their headquarters. German troops disarmed the Eastern Slovak Army on August 31. Many of the soldiers were sent to camps in Germany while others escaped and joined the Soviet-controlled partisans or returned home. On September 5 Ján Golian became the commander of all the rebel forces in Slovakia and was given the rank of General. By September 10 the rebels had gained control of large areas of central and eastern Slovakia, including two airfields, which were used by the Soviet Air Force to fly in equipment....The pro-German government of Tiso remained in power in Bratislava. Germany moved 40,000 SS soldiers under Gottlob Berger to suppress the uprising, which detained and disarmed two Slovak divisions and 20,000 soldiers that had been supposed to secure the mountain passes to help the Red Army.
On September 8, the Red Army began an offensive on the Dukla Pass on the Slovak-Polish border and tried to fight through the Carpathian Mountains to penetrate into Slovakia. This poorly planned and late action resulted in tremendous casualties on both sides and became bogged down for nearly two months.
Beneš, the Soviet partisans, and various Slovak factions began to argue among themselves, each seeking operational control. Despite repeated efforts, General Golian could not persuade the different sides to coordinate their efforts. General Rudolf Viest flew in and took command on October 7, with Golian becoming his second-in-command. Viest could not control the situation when political rivalries resurfaced in the face of military failure.
The uprising also coincided with the stalling of the Soviet summer offensive, the failure of the Warsaw Uprising, and other troubles on the side of the Western allies. The Red Army and its Czechoslovak allies failed to quickly penetrate the Dukla Pass despite fierce fighting between September 8 and October...On September 17 two B-17 Flying Fortresses flew in the OSS mission of Lieutenant James Holt-Green. The SOE team of Major John Sehmer followed the next day on its way to Hungary. Their reports confirmed the suspicions of Western Allies that the situation of the uprising was worsening.
On October 1 the rebel army was renamed the 1st Czechoslovak Army in Slovakia, in order to symbolize the beginning of the Czech-Slovak reunification that would be recognized by the Allied forces.
A major German counteroffensive began on October 17–18 when 35,000 German troops entered the country from Hungary, which had been under German military occupation since 19 March 1944. Stalin demanded that his advancing Second Ukrainian Front led by General Malinovsky be immediately diverted from Eastern Slovakia to Budapest. The western advance of Soviet forces came to a sudden halt in late October 1944, when Stalin's interests focused on Hungary, Austria and Poland rather than Slovakia or the Czech lands. By the end of October, Axis forces (six German divisions and one pro-Nazi Slovak unit) had taken back most of the territory from the insurgents and encircled the fighting groups. Insurgents had to evacuate Banská Bystrica on October 27 just prior to the German takeover. SOE and OSS agents retreated to the mountains alongside the thousands of others fleeing the German advance...Six months later, the Red Army had overrun Axis troops in Czechoslovakia. By December 1944 Romanian and Soviet troops had driven German troops out of southern Slovakia in the Battle of Budapest. On January 19, 1945, the Red Army took Bardejov, Svidník, Prešov and Košice in Eastern Slovakia. On March 3–5 they had taken over northwest Slovakia. On March 25 they entered Banská Bystrica and on April 4 marched into Bratislava.
The main military objectives were not achieved due to the bad timing of the uprising and lack of cooperation by Soviet partisans. This often undermined the plans of the insurrectional Slovak army. The guerrilla struggle tied up significant German forces that could otherwise have reinforced the Wehrmacht on the eastern front against the advancing 1st Ukrainian Front to the north and south of Slovakia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slovak_National_Uprising).
Symbol of the Slovak National Uprising – Obelisk or SNP Monument (Pamätník SNP) is one of the most important monuments in Slovakia, which reminds Slovaks about the period of World War II and the Slovak National Uprising, which center was Banská Bystrica. The monument is a work of art of architect Dušan Kuzma and was finished in 1969.
The building itself is located on the east away from the center of Banska Bystrica. It is situated on the surface fracture in the vicinity of the town fortification. The placement was suggested by Milan Kodoň and Emanuel Hruška in 1957.
Surrounding of the building is loosely governed greenery area in the proposed urban space. The building is entered by stairs. The staircase is opened, wide and without railings. The building combines the memorial and museum in one monumental form. It comprises a horizontal base and organic matter.
SNP Museum was founded on 8th of May 1955 by adding to the Institute of the Slovak National Uprising, which was already established in December 1947. Currently, the building houses a museum and archive of development of Slovak society in the period 1918-1948, focusing on anti-fascist resistance and the Slovak National Uprising (www.slovak-republic.org/banska-bystrica/).
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ERB Brewery is giving back to the beer everything that globalization took away:
brewing beer with an uncompromising focus on quality using exclusive natural ingredients, top technology and allowing the beer the indulgence it needs to mature.
ERB Brewery is also giving back to the beer what history took:
reviving the ancient art of consuming beer in harmony with food creating the complete gourmet experience. Therefore, in addition to typical Slovak beers, ERB is gradually introducing more specialities in ERB Limited Edition.
Novozámocká 2
969 01 Banská Štiavnica
Slovak Republic
GPS coordinates: 48.458508,18.893563
(www.pivovarerb.sk/en/erb-brewery/contact.html)
Banská Štiavnica (Duits: Schemnitz of Schebnitz, Hongaars: Selmecbánya) is een Slowaakse gemeente in de regio Banská Bystrica, en maakt deel uit van het district Banská Štiavnica.
De historische binnenstad staat sinds 1993 op de Werelderfgoedlijst van UNESCO.
De oudste schriftelijke vermelding van Banská Štiavnica is uit het jaar 1156. Reeds in de 13e eeuw was de stad bekend vanwege de winning van goud en zilver. Veel van de inwoners waren Karpaten-Duitsers die zich hier op uitnodiging van de Hongaarse koning vestigden.
In 1735 werd in de stad, die toen Selmecbánya heette, de "Berg-Schola," het eerste instituut voor technisch onderwijs ter wereld opgericht. De stad was toen onderdeel van het Koninkrijk Hongarije, veel voormalige studenten en docenten waren betrokken bij de oprichting van de Technische Universiteit Boedapest. In 1919 verhuisde de school als gevolg van het verdrag van Trianon naar de Hongaars gebleven stad Sopron.
In 1782 gold de stad als de derde stad van het toenmalige Hongarije, na Pressburg (nu Bratislava) en Debrecen, met 23.192 inwoners. In 1919 werd de stad na het verdrag van Trianon van Hongarije afgescheiden en onderdeel van het nieuwe land Tsjechoslowakije, dat in 1927 de stad haar huidige naam gaf (http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bansk%C3%A1_%C5%A0tiavnica).
Banská Štiavnica is the oldest mining town in Slovakia; its town seal of 1275 is the earliest known bearing a mining emblem. It lies on the steep slopes of the Glanzenberg and Paradajz mountains. The ore deposits were probably already being exploited in the late Bronze Age, and again in the Iron Age (http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/618).
Banská Štiavnica - silver town ( inscripted in UNESCO ) formerly one of the most important mining towns in Europe, Banska Stiavnica (10,800 inhabitants), stretches over the steep slopes of the hills Glanzenberg, Paradiesberg, Frauenberg, in the Stiavnica Hills, in the southern part of central Slovakia.
It lies directly over what were once rich deposits of silver and gold. Wealthy miners built their big style city houses in the surrounding area, houses with through courtyards suitable to an agricultural lifestyle. The former wealth of the once free royal city, with only 10 000 inhabitants, far from mai traffic routes and more or less without any industry, can only be guessed at today.
In its heyday Banska Stiavnica had four times more inhabitants and mined up t fifteen thousand kilogramns of silver a year (www.bestslovakiatours.com/15-most-beautiful-cities-in-slovakia).
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Kleine leeuw onder grote tijger. Hij zou nog steeds worden genoemd brouwerij ERB in Banská Štiavnica, die zogenaamd zwemmen europív en kleine brouwerijen. "Het brouwen van technologie als we hebben een grote brouwerij, terwijl wij de enige kleine productie-brouwerij in Slowakije," legt eigenaar Eduard Rada. Redenen voor de hoge prijs premium bieren ERB is echter meer (www.etrend.sk/podnikanie/tekute-dedicstvo.html).
Brezno (1927 - 1948 Brezno nad Hronom, German: Bries or Briesen, Hungarian: Breznóbánya) is a town in central Slovakia, with a population of 21,534 (2013). Brezno lies between Low Tatras mountain range and the Slovak Ore Mountains. The river Hron flows through town. The city of Banská Bystrica is approximately 45 kilometres (28 miles) west.
The place has been inhabited since prehistoric times, but the current town arose from an old Slovak settlement, next to which newly arrived German miners erected a typical square market in the early 13th century. The first written evidence of the town's existence is dated 1265 when King Béla IV of Hungary issued a charter for the hunters from the area of Liptov allowing them to use woods around the settlement, known as Berezuno. The name is derived from the Slovak word "breza" for birch. In the nineteenth century Brezno was a typical almost purely Slovak town and was one of the centres of the Slovak national movement.
After the Second World War the town has developed into an industrial town with by far the largest share taken by a construction company: Mostaren Brezno which specialised itself with crane construction for whole Central Europe (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brezno).
Pivovar Velké Březno - Breznak (Heineken)
(www.ratebeer.com/brewers/pivovar-velke-b345ezno--breznak-heineken/829/)
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De Breznak brouwerij werd gesticht in 1753 , maar de eerste schriftelijke vermelding van het brouwen van bier al vanaf 1606 (http://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C5%99ez%C5%88%C3%A1k)
(www.big-brezno.estranky.cz/clanky/pivovar-velke-brezno.html).
Breznak bekend om zijn label uit dat uitkijkt over de geniale gezicht Velké Březno stationschef Victor Cibich (www.big-brezno.estranky.cz/clanky/pivovar-velke-brezno.html).
Victor Cibich (geboren 11 december 1856 in Hustopece) was een groot liefhebber van bier, wiens portret is momenteel op bier etiketten Breznak. In 1906 benaderde hij de Raad van Bestuur met een aanbod om het gezicht van bier Breznak geworden. In de afgelopen 107 jaar (sinds 1906) werd hij de meest geportretteerd Cech [Slowaak?] in de wereld (Volgens schattingen, heeft zijn gezicht verscheen op meer dan 2,5 miljard exemplaren) (http://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C5%99ez%C5%88%C3%A1k)
(www.big-brezno.estranky.cz/clanky/pivovar-velke-brezno.html).
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Er zijn verschillende sites over de brouwerij, maar helaas vertaalt dat Slowaaks niet helemaal soepel:
"We hebben besloten zich aan te passen aan de vraag van de markt en in het bijzonder gericht op velkobřezenském brouwerij produceren biervat en een tank. We verwachten dat deze specialisatie ook zal helpen nationaal succes markeert de Maartse Haas, die in de portefeuille van de steeds belangrijkere rol van ons bedrijf speelt,"zei Catherine Beute....Een andere brouwerij in handen van Heineken in Krasne Brezno, is te koop voor 6,5 miljoen kronen. Brouwers hebben opgehouden te brouwen bier in 2011. "Het hele gebied wordt verkocht via een makelaar en potentiële kandidaten bespreken individueel te bieden," voegde Beute. Zdroj: http://ustecky.denik.cz/zpravy_region/pivovar-ve-velkem-brezne-konci-s-plnenim-breznaku-do-skla-20141111.html (http://ustecky.denik.cz/zpravy_region/pivovar-ve-velkem-brezne-konci-s-plnenim-breznaku-do-skla-20141111.html)
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Maar als er niet meer gebrouwen wordt snap ik de volgende foto niet:
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Zvolen (Hungarian: Zólyom, German: Altsohl) is a town in central Slovakia, situated on the confluence of Hron and Slatina rivers, close to Banská Bystrica. With its ancient castle, the town has a historical center, which represents the seat of an okres (Zvolen District). Zvolen, has many beautiful tourist attractions, especially in the city, such as statues and colorful sprinklers that work in the summer. During the winter, there is an ice-skating rink in the city.
Zvolen has been inhabited since the Paleolithic. In the 9th century, a Slavic settlement (today the Môťová neighborhood) became a regional center of what is now central Slovakia. Zvolen remained the capital of Zólyom county until the 1760s. In the 11th and 12th centuries, one of the largest medieval castles in Europe, Pustý hrad, was constructed. The town, originally built under the castle, lay on an important trade route (Via Magna) from Buda to Kraków. Zvolen was granted town privileges by King Béla IV in the 1230s - as one of the first towns in the Kingdom of Hungary. The privileges were confirmed on December 28, 1243 (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zvolen)
Domáci pivovar Regius Homebrewery regius
Domáci pivovar Regius Zvolen
V minulom blogu som sa venoval homebreweringu. Preto som sa rozhodol aj ja vyskúšať túto formu varenia piva. S toho dôvodu som si zaobstaral všetky veci čo sú potrebné na varenie. V tomto mi pomohol môj kolega s klubu Zdeněk Jarkovský ktorý má už dlhoročné skúsenosti z varením piva.
....
Its domestic brewery I called Regius what the Esperanto means king. I then named a beer after my hometown, as well as the royal city Zvolenský lager.
Of course, who would be interested to taste my beer is on sale for the equity price to readers of my blog for 0.50 euro/ 0,5 L. For sale is my set of labels that includes 5 labels for 1 euro (each other) (http://slovakiabeer.blogspot.nl/2009/07/domaci-pivovar-regius-homebrewery.html).
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Thuisbrouwen is in in Slowakije, ook komen er een hoop microbrouwerijen op:
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Toen Peter Klas, eigenaar Trnava mout en brouwerij Sessler, breng aan een camera met een biertje in de hand, ze glimlacht, en voegt eraan toe dat na veertien jaar, het was zijn eerste biertje (www.etrend.sk/podnikanie/tekute-dedicstvo.html).
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Litava (Hongaars: Litva) is een Slowaakse gemeente in de regio Banská Bystrica, en maakt deel uit van het district Krupina. Litava telt 792 inwoners (http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Litava). OLD NAMES of the village(town): 1773 Litava, Litawa, 1786 Litawa, 1808 Littava, 1863–1888 Litava, 1892–1913 Litva, 1920– Litava (www.cisarik.com/0_Litava_Krupina_BC_Hont_Hont.html).
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Vyhne is a municipality in Slovakia, in the district Žiar nad Hronom. It is situated in the southern part of Štiavnické hills in Vyhnianska valley i the central Hron region. Vyhne is known especially for its mining history, the oldest brewery in Slovakia - brewery Steiger, iron and machine industry. The village is also mentioned in relation to its spa history (www.sunflowers-agency.com/slovakia/vyhne/index.php).
Vyhne (Hongaars: Vihnyepeszerény) is een Slowaakse gemeente in de regio Banská Bystrica, en maakt deel uit van het district Žiar nad Hronom. Vyhne telt 1.300 inwoners (http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vyhne). Vyhne was first mentioned in 1256. The oldest still working brewery in Slovakia was founded there by the Knights Templar in 1473 (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vyhne).
De Orde van de Tempeliers of Tempelorde (Orde van de Arme Ridders van Christus en de Tempel van Salomo) (Latijn: Pauperes commilitones Christi Templique Solomonici) was een christelijke kruisridderorde die ten tijde van de kruistochten als klein onderdeel van de kruisvaarderslegers een Heilige Oorlog tegen de moslims voerde in het Heilige Land. Ze waren gestructureerd als een monnikenorde naar het model van de cisterciënzers en zowel monastiek als militair actief. De orde is ontstaan uit een broederschap van vooral Franse kruisvaarders, waarvan tenminste de Franse edellieden Hugo van Payns en Godfried van Sint-Omaars (dat toen overigens in het graafschap Vlaanderen lag) deel uitmaakten. De broederschap legde rond 1118 de klassieke monastieke beloften van armoede, kuisheid en gehoorzaamheid af ten overstaan van de Latijns patriarchaat van Jeruzalem. De orde werd vervolgens officieel erkend door de Katholieke Kerk in 1129 en bleef bijna 200 jaar bestaan. De Tempeliers werden uiteindelijk zo machtig en rijk, dat de Franse koning Filips de Schone er alles aan deed om van hen af te komen.
De broederschap bestond aanvankelijk uit een kleine groep ridders die het plan had opgevat om de pelgrims in Palestina te beschermen. De pelgrims werden tijdens hun tochten door het Heilige Land van de ene naar de andere door kruisvaarders beschermde plaats regelmatig slachtoffer van overvallen door de autochtonen die het platteland bleven beheersen...
De Franse koning Filips de Schone was de drijvende kracht achter de ontbinding van de Orde van de Tempeliers. ...Maar in mei 1310 begon de Parijse aartsbisschop Philippe de Marigny individuele Tempeliers te vonnissen. Op het hoogtepunt van de verdediging liet hij er 54 verbranden. Het waren strijdbare leden die de orde wilden verdedigen en hun bekentenissen teruggetrokken hadden. De Franse aartsbisschoppen gingen door met het berechten van individuele leden. Dat kraakte de verdediging volledig. Weinigen hadden nog de moed om de orde te verdedigen. Slechts 87 van de oorspronkelijke 597 verdedigers kwamen opdagen....De veroordeling van de leden verliep betrekkelijk geruisloos. Veel gewone broeders traden toe tot een kloosterorde of sleten hun dagen op de vroegere commanderijen. De vier leiders echter werden onderworpen aan een pauselijke rechtbank van kardinalen. Op 18 maart 1314 werden ze op een openbare rechtszitting in Parijs veroordeeld tot levenslange gevangenisstraf. Maar grootmeester Jacques de Molay en commandeur Godfried van Charney maakten van de gelegenheid gebruik om hun eerdere bekentenissen in te trekken en de orde onschuldig te verklaren. Toen Filips daar lucht van kreeg, liet hij de twee mannen nog diezelfde dag sterven op de brandstapel.
De orde als geheel werd eigenlijk nooit werkelijk serieus verdacht van ketterij of overtreding van geloofsregels. In de strafbepalingen van de tempelorde stond dat men voor homoseksualiteit uit de orde gezet werd. Er werd nooit een spoor gevonden van afgodsbeelden en geheime voorschriften. ....
....In kringen van vrijmetselaars en liefhebbers van esoterische kennis gaat het verhaal dat de orde nog eeuwenlang in het geheim is blijven bestaan. Sommigen geloven ook dat de tempeliers iets te maken hadden met de Franse revolutie uit wraak op het Franse koningshuis. Er is zelfs een legende dat een man op het schavot sprong na de executie van Lodewijk XVI, daarna zijn handen in het bloed doopte en schreeuwde Jacques de Molay gij zijt gewroken. Dit zou de theorie ondersteunen dat vele revolutionairen lid van de vrijmetselarij waren zoals Lodewijk Filips II van Orléans (Philippe Égalité).... In sommige boeken kan men lezen dat er nog tot in deze eeuw grootmeesters van de Tempeliers in functie zijn. Ook is er sprake van grote schatten die door de Tempeliers zijn verborgen en, bijvoorbeeld in Rennes-le-Château zouden zijn teruggevonden. Daarvoor is echter geen bewijs. (http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tempeliers, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knights_Templar).
Pivovar Stein ustál bombardovanie, vlastník ho chce zbúrať
(http://spravy.reality-malacky.eu/65830-pivovar-stein-ustal-bombardovanie-vlastnik-ho-chce-zburat.html)
The Stein Brewery (Slovak: Pivovar Stein) was a Slovak brewery, located in Bratislava. It was closed in 2007.
1873: Stein Brewery was founded by Ian Andrew Melvin Stein
1873 – Stein brewery wins medal in Vienna
1878 – Medal at the world fair in Paris
1948 – Nationalisation in Czechoslovakia, brewery was reorganised to the company Západoslovenské pivovary, n.p. Bratislava (in English: Western Slovakia Breweries, national company Bratislava)
1989 – Fall of socialism in Czechoslovakia, brewery returned to original name Stein, still as a state company
1995 – Stein is transformed into the employees joint stock company S.t.e.i.n. a.s.
2007 – End of the beer production in Bratislava. Stein is now produced by Steiger Brewery in Vyhne (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stein_(brewery)).
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Steiger Brewery
Vyhne č.24,966 02 Vyhne.
Slovakia’s oldest brewery was built in 1473 by the Knights Templar in the Banska Bystrica region. This turned out to be a good choice of location, as over the years the brewery would find success selling to the miners that dominated the work force of the area. Miners in the area often refer to beer as liquid bread and they often drank it while they worked.
Since 1473, the brewery has undergone many rebuilds and changed owners several times. Production went up and down, depending on the times. During times of war, sales would increase, however, during the German occupation in World War II Jaroslav Raiman, the director of operations was killed and many of the workers were arrested. This put a halt on production until December of 1944 when the brewery slowly started making beer again. During the communist era, more people drank beer and business peaked. In 1958 they sold 280-300 thousand hectoliters. It wasn’t until 2004 that the brewery became what it is today. The name Steiger Pivovar was adopted in April of 2006 and it became the companies main brand of beer. In 2007, Stein brewery moved their production from Bratislava, the countries capital, to the Steiger brewery. Steiger Brewery currently represent only 6-10% of the beer sales in Slovakia (www.slovakbeer.com/?cat=3).
Hun assortiment (www.steiger.sk/sortiment/steiger):
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Vyhne is a village in the Žiar nad Hronom District, which is part of the Banská Bystrica Region in central Slovakia. Vyhne is located in the Štiavnické vrchy mountains, near the historic town of Banská Štiavnica. A nature reserve called Kamenné more ("Rocky Sea") lies near the village It lies at an altitude of 350 metres and covers an area of 18.34 km². Vyhne was first mentioned in 1256. The oldest still working brewery in Slovakia was founded there by the Knights Templar in 1473 (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vyhne).
The Banská Bystrica Region (Slovak: Banskobystrický kraj; Hungarian: Besztercebányai kerület) is one of the Slovak regions in the country of Slovakia in Europe. It is the largest of all Slovak regions by area. It was established in 1923 and from 1996 exists in its present borders. Banská Bystrica region consists of 514 municipalities, from which 24 have a status of towns. Administrative center is its seat Banská Bystrica, the largest district town. Other important towns are Zvolen and Brezno (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bansk%C3%A1_Bystrica_Region).
Region of Banská Bystrica lies in the centre of the country and it borders on Hungary in the south. Part of this border coincides with the river Ipeľ. The natural symbol of the region is the river Hron.
Metropolis of the region with a rich mining history is the town Banská Bystrica. Monuments that are samples of popular architecture can bee seen in Špania Dolina and Hronsek (http://slovakia.travel/en/banska-bystrica-administrative-region).
De regio bestaat uit een aantal districten:
De districten (okresné) zijn (mestá):
Banská Bystrica
Banská Štiavnica
Brezno
Detva
Krupina
Lučenec
Poltár
Revúca
Rimavská Sobota
Veľký Krtíš
Zvolen
Žarnovica
Žiar nad Hronom
(www.kamnapivo.sk/banskobystricky-kraj/)
Banská Bystrica
Banská Bystrica (German: Neusohl; Hungarian: Besztercebánya) is a city in central Slovakia located on the Hron River in a long and wide valley encircled by the mountain chains of the Low Tatras, the Veľká Fatra, and the Kremnica Mountains. With 78 327 inhabitants, Banská Bystrica is the sixth most populous municipality in Slovakia. The present town was founded by German settlers, however it was built upon a former Slavic settlement. It obtained the municipal privileges of a free royal town of the Kingdom of Hungary in 1255. The copper mining town acquired its present picturesque look in the Late Middle Ages when the prosperous burghers built its central churches, mansions, and fortifications. It is the capital of the kraj (Banská Bystrica Region) and the okres (Banská Bystrica District). It is also the home of Matej Bel University. As a historical city with an easy access to the surrounding mountains, Banská Bystrica is a popular winter and summer tourist destination.
It is about half way between Slovakia's two largest cities, 208 kilometres (129 mi) north-east from Slovakia's capital Bratislava and 217 kilometres (135 mi) west of Košice.
Banská Bystrica is situated in the Hron River valley (Slovak: Pohronie). The Hron River curves through the city from the east to the south. The city nests among three mountain chains: the Low Tatras to the north-east, the Veľká Fatra to the north-west, and the Kremnica Mountains to the west. All three are protected areas because of their environmental value. Banská Bystrica hosts the headquarters of the Low Tatra National Park. Despite the proximity of these mountain ranges, the local landscape is dominated by the much lower Urpín Mountain, 510 metres (1,673 ft), which is a popular place of recreation.
Most of the historical monuments are concentrated near its central, picturesque SNP Square (Slovak: Námestie SNP), which teems with flowers and street cafes in the summer. The square is named after the Slovak National Uprising. It is dominated by a clock tower built in 1552. Although less known than its famous counterpart in Pisa, it is a leaning tower with the top 40 centimetres (16 inches) off the perpendicular.
The oldest part of Banská Bystrica is City Castle at the edge of SNP Square. It is enclosed within what has remained of its original fortifications − a barbican protecting the main gate, three bastions, and part of the walls. City Castle served as the city's administrative center and it also protected the king's treasury. The Parish Church (Slovak: Farský kostol) of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary built in the Romanesque and Gothic styles contains precious Gothic altars and sculptures.[10] One of the altars was carved by the famous Master Paul of Levoča. The church was built in the 13th century. It is still surrounded by remnants of its ancient cemetery. The neighboring Church of the Holy Cross was built in 1452 by the Slovak burghers (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bansk%C3%A1_Bystrica).
City Castle of Banská Bystrica (Mestský hrad) is a characteristic dominant and symbol of the historical center of Banská Bystrica. It is a national cultural monument.
The City Castle was built alongside the existing mining settlement that preceded the establishment of the city. Already in those days there was the Parish church of the Virgin Mary, which became the center of the new fortress in the Middle Ages. Its main function was to protect the revenues from the extraction of precious metals, particularly copper and silver, and the royal treasury (www.slovak-republic.org/banska-bystrica/).
German settlers in medieval times helped make Banska Bystrica rich and famous with their advanced mining techniques for gold, silver and copper.
The glory days of mining from the 14th-17th centuries left an architectural legacy of gothic and renaissance-era patrician mansions, plus churches ranging from Romanesque to baroque. The historic part of the city huddles around a beautifully restored medieval marketplace, now called Square of the Slovak National Uprising (namestie SNP).
Ironically, in the modern era this city – Slovakia’s third largest — is best known for its heroic struggle against the Germans during World War II. The Slovak National Uprising of 1944 took the lives of 30,000 Slovaks – men, women and children. Be sure to visit the museum commemorating the uprising (www.slovak-republic.org/banska-bystrica/).
The Slovak National Uprising (Slovak: Slovenské národné povstanie, abbreviated SNP) or 1944 Uprising was an armed insurrection organized by the Slovak resistance movement during World War II. It was launched on 29 August 1944 from Banská Bystrica in an attempt to resist German troops that began occupation of the Slovak territory and to overthrow the collaborationist government of Jozef Tiso. Although the rebel forces were defeated by Nazi Germany, guerrilla warfare continued until the Soviet Army, Czechoslovak Army and Romanian Army liberated Slovakia in 1945.
In the post-war period, many political entities attempted to "hijack" the uprising to their credit. The Stalinist regime in Czechoslovakia presented the Uprising as an event initiated and governed by Communist forces. Slovak ultranationalists, on the other hand, claim that the uprising was a plot against the Slovak nation, as one of its main objectives was to oust the regime of the puppet Slovak state and reestablish Czechoslovakia, in which Slovaks were dominated by Czechs. In fact, many factions fought in the uprising, including large rebel units of the Slovak Army, Democratic resistance and Communist partisans, and international forces. Given this factionalization, the Uprising did not have unambiguous popular support. Yet, the participants and supporters of the Uprising represented every religion, class, age, and anti-Nazi political faction of the Slovak nation.
Rebels began the uprising on August 29 8:00 p.m. under the command of Ján Golian. They entered Banská Bystrica in the morning of August 30 and made it their headquarters. German troops disarmed the Eastern Slovak Army on August 31. Many of the soldiers were sent to camps in Germany while others escaped and joined the Soviet-controlled partisans or returned home. On September 5 Ján Golian became the commander of all the rebel forces in Slovakia and was given the rank of General. By September 10 the rebels had gained control of large areas of central and eastern Slovakia, including two airfields, which were used by the Soviet Air Force to fly in equipment....The pro-German government of Tiso remained in power in Bratislava. Germany moved 40,000 SS soldiers under Gottlob Berger to suppress the uprising, which detained and disarmed two Slovak divisions and 20,000 soldiers that had been supposed to secure the mountain passes to help the Red Army.
On September 8, the Red Army began an offensive on the Dukla Pass on the Slovak-Polish border and tried to fight through the Carpathian Mountains to penetrate into Slovakia. This poorly planned and late action resulted in tremendous casualties on both sides and became bogged down for nearly two months.
Beneš, the Soviet partisans, and various Slovak factions began to argue among themselves, each seeking operational control. Despite repeated efforts, General Golian could not persuade the different sides to coordinate their efforts. General Rudolf Viest flew in and took command on October 7, with Golian becoming his second-in-command. Viest could not control the situation when political rivalries resurfaced in the face of military failure.
The uprising also coincided with the stalling of the Soviet summer offensive, the failure of the Warsaw Uprising, and other troubles on the side of the Western allies. The Red Army and its Czechoslovak allies failed to quickly penetrate the Dukla Pass despite fierce fighting between September 8 and October...On September 17 two B-17 Flying Fortresses flew in the OSS mission of Lieutenant James Holt-Green. The SOE team of Major John Sehmer followed the next day on its way to Hungary. Their reports confirmed the suspicions of Western Allies that the situation of the uprising was worsening.
On October 1 the rebel army was renamed the 1st Czechoslovak Army in Slovakia, in order to symbolize the beginning of the Czech-Slovak reunification that would be recognized by the Allied forces.
A major German counteroffensive began on October 17–18 when 35,000 German troops entered the country from Hungary, which had been under German military occupation since 19 March 1944. Stalin demanded that his advancing Second Ukrainian Front led by General Malinovsky be immediately diverted from Eastern Slovakia to Budapest. The western advance of Soviet forces came to a sudden halt in late October 1944, when Stalin's interests focused on Hungary, Austria and Poland rather than Slovakia or the Czech lands. By the end of October, Axis forces (six German divisions and one pro-Nazi Slovak unit) had taken back most of the territory from the insurgents and encircled the fighting groups. Insurgents had to evacuate Banská Bystrica on October 27 just prior to the German takeover. SOE and OSS agents retreated to the mountains alongside the thousands of others fleeing the German advance...Six months later, the Red Army had overrun Axis troops in Czechoslovakia. By December 1944 Romanian and Soviet troops had driven German troops out of southern Slovakia in the Battle of Budapest. On January 19, 1945, the Red Army took Bardejov, Svidník, Prešov and Košice in Eastern Slovakia. On March 3–5 they had taken over northwest Slovakia. On March 25 they entered Banská Bystrica and on April 4 marched into Bratislava.
The main military objectives were not achieved due to the bad timing of the uprising and lack of cooperation by Soviet partisans. This often undermined the plans of the insurrectional Slovak army. The guerrilla struggle tied up significant German forces that could otherwise have reinforced the Wehrmacht on the eastern front against the advancing 1st Ukrainian Front to the north and south of Slovakia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slovak_National_Uprising).
Symbol of the Slovak National Uprising – Obelisk or SNP Monument (Pamätník SNP) is one of the most important monuments in Slovakia, which reminds Slovaks about the period of World War II and the Slovak National Uprising, which center was Banská Bystrica. The monument is a work of art of architect Dušan Kuzma and was finished in 1969.
The building itself is located on the east away from the center of Banska Bystrica. It is situated on the surface fracture in the vicinity of the town fortification. The placement was suggested by Milan Kodoň and Emanuel Hruška in 1957.
Surrounding of the building is loosely governed greenery area in the proposed urban space. The building is entered by stairs. The staircase is opened, wide and without railings. The building combines the memorial and museum in one monumental form. It comprises a horizontal base and organic matter.
SNP Museum was founded on 8th of May 1955 by adding to the Institute of the Slovak National Uprising, which was already established in December 1947. Currently, the building houses a museum and archive of development of Slovak society in the period 1918-1948, focusing on anti-fascist resistance and the Slovak National Uprising (www.slovak-republic.org/banska-bystrica/).
Banskobystrický Brewery
Sládkovičova 37
974 05 Banska Bystrica
The history of beer in the Banska Bystrica region dates back to the 1500s when the town was booming due to the plethora of copper they were pulling out of the local mines. It is believed that colonizing Germans first brought beer to the area. By the 17th century, over 80 breweries were established. When the guild system broke down, what’s now known as Banskobysticky Brewery was built. It was one of the quickest breweries to expand and started shipping beer as far as Budapest and Vienna. Although the equipment was old fashioned and all of the brewing was done by hand, they were able to produce 5,000 hectolitres of beer a year.
In 1942, the brewery was taken over by Jan Benus, who updated the brewing equipment and, within two years, brought the brewing capacity up to 20,000 hectolitres.
In 1968, Banskobystricky Brewery began construction on a new brewery. Three years later, the Urpin Brewery was complete. It was capable of producing 350,000 hectolitres of beer per year.
Brands: Urpiner (www.slovakbeer.com/?cat=3)
ERB Brewery is giving back to the beer everything that globalization took away:
brewing beer with an uncompromising focus on quality using exclusive natural ingredients, top technology and allowing the beer the indulgence it needs to mature.
ERB Brewery is also giving back to the beer what history took:
reviving the ancient art of consuming beer in harmony with food creating the complete gourmet experience. Therefore, in addition to typical Slovak beers, ERB is gradually introducing more specialities in ERB Limited Edition.
ERB - Eduard Rada Breweries, s.r.o.
ERB - Eduard Rada Breweries, s.r.o.
Novozámocká 2
969 01 Banská Štiavnica
Slovak Republic
GPS coordinates: 48.458508,18.893563
(www.pivovarerb.sk/en/erb-brewery/contact.html)
Banská Štiavnica (Duits: Schemnitz of Schebnitz, Hongaars: Selmecbánya) is een Slowaakse gemeente in de regio Banská Bystrica, en maakt deel uit van het district Banská Štiavnica.
De historische binnenstad staat sinds 1993 op de Werelderfgoedlijst van UNESCO.
De oudste schriftelijke vermelding van Banská Štiavnica is uit het jaar 1156. Reeds in de 13e eeuw was de stad bekend vanwege de winning van goud en zilver. Veel van de inwoners waren Karpaten-Duitsers die zich hier op uitnodiging van de Hongaarse koning vestigden.
In 1735 werd in de stad, die toen Selmecbánya heette, de "Berg-Schola," het eerste instituut voor technisch onderwijs ter wereld opgericht. De stad was toen onderdeel van het Koninkrijk Hongarije, veel voormalige studenten en docenten waren betrokken bij de oprichting van de Technische Universiteit Boedapest. In 1919 verhuisde de school als gevolg van het verdrag van Trianon naar de Hongaars gebleven stad Sopron.
In 1782 gold de stad als de derde stad van het toenmalige Hongarije, na Pressburg (nu Bratislava) en Debrecen, met 23.192 inwoners. In 1919 werd de stad na het verdrag van Trianon van Hongarije afgescheiden en onderdeel van het nieuwe land Tsjechoslowakije, dat in 1927 de stad haar huidige naam gaf (http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bansk%C3%A1_%C5%A0tiavnica).
Banská Štiavnica is the oldest mining town in Slovakia; its town seal of 1275 is the earliest known bearing a mining emblem. It lies on the steep slopes of the Glanzenberg and Paradajz mountains. The ore deposits were probably already being exploited in the late Bronze Age, and again in the Iron Age (http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/618).
Banská Štiavnica - silver town ( inscripted in UNESCO ) formerly one of the most important mining towns in Europe, Banska Stiavnica (10,800 inhabitants), stretches over the steep slopes of the hills Glanzenberg, Paradiesberg, Frauenberg, in the Stiavnica Hills, in the southern part of central Slovakia.
It lies directly over what were once rich deposits of silver and gold. Wealthy miners built their big style city houses in the surrounding area, houses with through courtyards suitable to an agricultural lifestyle. The former wealth of the once free royal city, with only 10 000 inhabitants, far from mai traffic routes and more or less without any industry, can only be guessed at today.
In its heyday Banska Stiavnica had four times more inhabitants and mined up t fifteen thousand kilogramns of silver a year (www.bestslovakiatours.com/15-most-beautiful-cities-in-slovakia).
Kleine leeuw onder grote tijger. Hij zou nog steeds worden genoemd brouwerij ERB in Banská Štiavnica, die zogenaamd zwemmen europív en kleine brouwerijen. "Het brouwen van technologie als we hebben een grote brouwerij, terwijl wij de enige kleine productie-brouwerij in Slowakije," legt eigenaar Eduard Rada. Redenen voor de hoge prijs premium bieren ERB is echter meer (www.etrend.sk/podnikanie/tekute-dedicstvo.html).
Brezno (1927 - 1948 Brezno nad Hronom, German: Bries or Briesen, Hungarian: Breznóbánya) is a town in central Slovakia, with a population of 21,534 (2013). Brezno lies between Low Tatras mountain range and the Slovak Ore Mountains. The river Hron flows through town. The city of Banská Bystrica is approximately 45 kilometres (28 miles) west.
The place has been inhabited since prehistoric times, but the current town arose from an old Slovak settlement, next to which newly arrived German miners erected a typical square market in the early 13th century. The first written evidence of the town's existence is dated 1265 when King Béla IV of Hungary issued a charter for the hunters from the area of Liptov allowing them to use woods around the settlement, known as Berezuno. The name is derived from the Slovak word "breza" for birch. In the nineteenth century Brezno was a typical almost purely Slovak town and was one of the centres of the Slovak national movement.
After the Second World War the town has developed into an industrial town with by far the largest share taken by a construction company: Mostaren Brezno which specialised itself with crane construction for whole Central Europe (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brezno).
Pivovar Velké Březno - Breznak (Heineken)
(www.ratebeer.com/brewers/pivovar-velke-b345ezno--breznak-heineken/829/)
(www.big-brezno.estranky.cz/clanky/pivovar-velke-brezno.html).
Breznak bekend om zijn label uit dat uitkijkt over de geniale gezicht Velké Březno stationschef Victor Cibich (www.big-brezno.estranky.cz/clanky/pivovar-velke-brezno.html).
Victor Cibich (geboren 11 december 1856 in Hustopece) was een groot liefhebber van bier, wiens portret is momenteel op bier etiketten Breznak. In 1906 benaderde hij de Raad van Bestuur met een aanbod om het gezicht van bier Breznak geworden. In de afgelopen 107 jaar (sinds 1906) werd hij de meest geportretteerd Cech [Slowaak?] in de wereld (Volgens schattingen, heeft zijn gezicht verscheen op meer dan 2,5 miljard exemplaren) (http://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C5%99ez%C5%88%C3%A1k)
(www.big-brezno.estranky.cz/clanky/pivovar-velke-brezno.html).
"We hebben besloten zich aan te passen aan de vraag van de markt en in het bijzonder gericht op velkobřezenském brouwerij produceren biervat en een tank. We verwachten dat deze specialisatie ook zal helpen nationaal succes markeert de Maartse Haas, die in de portefeuille van de steeds belangrijkere rol van ons bedrijf speelt,"zei Catherine Beute....Een andere brouwerij in handen van Heineken in Krasne Brezno, is te koop voor 6,5 miljoen kronen. Brouwers hebben opgehouden te brouwen bier in 2011. "Het hele gebied wordt verkocht via een makelaar en potentiële kandidaten bespreken individueel te bieden," voegde Beute. Zdroj: http://ustecky.denik.cz/zpravy_region/pivovar-ve-velkem-brezne-konci-s-plnenim-breznaku-do-skla-20141111.html (http://ustecky.denik.cz/zpravy_region/pivovar-ve-velkem-brezne-konci-s-plnenim-breznaku-do-skla-20141111.html)
Maar als er niet meer gebrouwen wordt snap ik de volgende foto niet:
Jana Tulachová verzamelt schuim
Zvolen (Hungarian: Zólyom, German: Altsohl) is a town in central Slovakia, situated on the confluence of Hron and Slatina rivers, close to Banská Bystrica. With its ancient castle, the town has a historical center, which represents the seat of an okres (Zvolen District). Zvolen, has many beautiful tourist attractions, especially in the city, such as statues and colorful sprinklers that work in the summer. During the winter, there is an ice-skating rink in the city.
Zvolen has been inhabited since the Paleolithic. In the 9th century, a Slavic settlement (today the Môťová neighborhood) became a regional center of what is now central Slovakia. Zvolen remained the capital of Zólyom county until the 1760s. In the 11th and 12th centuries, one of the largest medieval castles in Europe, Pustý hrad, was constructed. The town, originally built under the castle, lay on an important trade route (Via Magna) from Buda to Kraków. Zvolen was granted town privileges by King Béla IV in the 1230s - as one of the first towns in the Kingdom of Hungary. The privileges were confirmed on December 28, 1243 (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zvolen)
Domáci pivovar Regius Homebrewery regius
Domáci pivovar Regius Zvolen
V minulom blogu som sa venoval homebreweringu. Preto som sa rozhodol aj ja vyskúšať túto formu varenia piva. S toho dôvodu som si zaobstaral všetky veci čo sú potrebné na varenie. V tomto mi pomohol môj kolega s klubu Zdeněk Jarkovský ktorý má už dlhoročné skúsenosti z varením piva.
....
Its domestic brewery I called Regius what the Esperanto means king. I then named a beer after my hometown, as well as the royal city Zvolenský lager.
Of course, who would be interested to taste my beer is on sale for the equity price to readers of my blog for 0.50 euro/ 0,5 L. For sale is my set of labels that includes 5 labels for 1 euro (each other) (http://slovakiabeer.blogspot.nl/2009/07/domaci-pivovar-regius-homebrewery.html).
Thuisbrouwen is in in Slowakije, ook komen er een hoop microbrouwerijen op:
Toen Peter Klas, eigenaar Trnava mout en brouwerij Sessler, breng aan een camera met een biertje in de hand, ze glimlacht, en voegt eraan toe dat na veertien jaar, het was zijn eerste biertje (www.etrend.sk/podnikanie/tekute-dedicstvo.html).
Litava (Hongaars: Litva) is een Slowaakse gemeente in de regio Banská Bystrica, en maakt deel uit van het district Krupina. Litava telt 792 inwoners (http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Litava). OLD NAMES of the village(town): 1773 Litava, Litawa, 1786 Litawa, 1808 Littava, 1863–1888 Litava, 1892–1913 Litva, 1920– Litava (www.cisarik.com/0_Litava_Krupina_BC_Hont_Hont.html).
Vyhne is a municipality in Slovakia, in the district Žiar nad Hronom. It is situated in the southern part of Štiavnické hills in Vyhnianska valley i the central Hron region. Vyhne is known especially for its mining history, the oldest brewery in Slovakia - brewery Steiger, iron and machine industry. The village is also mentioned in relation to its spa history (www.sunflowers-agency.com/slovakia/vyhne/index.php).
Vyhne (Hongaars: Vihnyepeszerény) is een Slowaakse gemeente in de regio Banská Bystrica, en maakt deel uit van het district Žiar nad Hronom. Vyhne telt 1.300 inwoners (http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vyhne). Vyhne was first mentioned in 1256. The oldest still working brewery in Slovakia was founded there by the Knights Templar in 1473 (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vyhne).
De Orde van de Tempeliers of Tempelorde (Orde van de Arme Ridders van Christus en de Tempel van Salomo) (Latijn: Pauperes commilitones Christi Templique Solomonici) was een christelijke kruisridderorde die ten tijde van de kruistochten als klein onderdeel van de kruisvaarderslegers een Heilige Oorlog tegen de moslims voerde in het Heilige Land. Ze waren gestructureerd als een monnikenorde naar het model van de cisterciënzers en zowel monastiek als militair actief. De orde is ontstaan uit een broederschap van vooral Franse kruisvaarders, waarvan tenminste de Franse edellieden Hugo van Payns en Godfried van Sint-Omaars (dat toen overigens in het graafschap Vlaanderen lag) deel uitmaakten. De broederschap legde rond 1118 de klassieke monastieke beloften van armoede, kuisheid en gehoorzaamheid af ten overstaan van de Latijns patriarchaat van Jeruzalem. De orde werd vervolgens officieel erkend door de Katholieke Kerk in 1129 en bleef bijna 200 jaar bestaan. De Tempeliers werden uiteindelijk zo machtig en rijk, dat de Franse koning Filips de Schone er alles aan deed om van hen af te komen.
De broederschap bestond aanvankelijk uit een kleine groep ridders die het plan had opgevat om de pelgrims in Palestina te beschermen. De pelgrims werden tijdens hun tochten door het Heilige Land van de ene naar de andere door kruisvaarders beschermde plaats regelmatig slachtoffer van overvallen door de autochtonen die het platteland bleven beheersen...
De Franse koning Filips de Schone was de drijvende kracht achter de ontbinding van de Orde van de Tempeliers. ...Maar in mei 1310 begon de Parijse aartsbisschop Philippe de Marigny individuele Tempeliers te vonnissen. Op het hoogtepunt van de verdediging liet hij er 54 verbranden. Het waren strijdbare leden die de orde wilden verdedigen en hun bekentenissen teruggetrokken hadden. De Franse aartsbisschoppen gingen door met het berechten van individuele leden. Dat kraakte de verdediging volledig. Weinigen hadden nog de moed om de orde te verdedigen. Slechts 87 van de oorspronkelijke 597 verdedigers kwamen opdagen....De veroordeling van de leden verliep betrekkelijk geruisloos. Veel gewone broeders traden toe tot een kloosterorde of sleten hun dagen op de vroegere commanderijen. De vier leiders echter werden onderworpen aan een pauselijke rechtbank van kardinalen. Op 18 maart 1314 werden ze op een openbare rechtszitting in Parijs veroordeeld tot levenslange gevangenisstraf. Maar grootmeester Jacques de Molay en commandeur Godfried van Charney maakten van de gelegenheid gebruik om hun eerdere bekentenissen in te trekken en de orde onschuldig te verklaren. Toen Filips daar lucht van kreeg, liet hij de twee mannen nog diezelfde dag sterven op de brandstapel.
De orde als geheel werd eigenlijk nooit werkelijk serieus verdacht van ketterij of overtreding van geloofsregels. In de strafbepalingen van de tempelorde stond dat men voor homoseksualiteit uit de orde gezet werd. Er werd nooit een spoor gevonden van afgodsbeelden en geheime voorschriften. ....
....In kringen van vrijmetselaars en liefhebbers van esoterische kennis gaat het verhaal dat de orde nog eeuwenlang in het geheim is blijven bestaan. Sommigen geloven ook dat de tempeliers iets te maken hadden met de Franse revolutie uit wraak op het Franse koningshuis. Er is zelfs een legende dat een man op het schavot sprong na de executie van Lodewijk XVI, daarna zijn handen in het bloed doopte en schreeuwde Jacques de Molay gij zijt gewroken. Dit zou de theorie ondersteunen dat vele revolutionairen lid van de vrijmetselarij waren zoals Lodewijk Filips II van Orléans (Philippe Égalité).... In sommige boeken kan men lezen dat er nog tot in deze eeuw grootmeesters van de Tempeliers in functie zijn. Ook is er sprake van grote schatten die door de Tempeliers zijn verborgen en, bijvoorbeeld in Rennes-le-Château zouden zijn teruggevonden. Daarvoor is echter geen bewijs. (http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tempeliers, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knights_Templar).
(http://spravy.reality-malacky.eu/65830-pivovar-stein-ustal-bombardovanie-vlastnik-ho-chce-zburat.html)
The Stein Brewery (Slovak: Pivovar Stein) was a Slovak brewery, located in Bratislava. It was closed in 2007.
1873: Stein Brewery was founded by Ian Andrew Melvin Stein
1873 – Stein brewery wins medal in Vienna
1878 – Medal at the world fair in Paris
1948 – Nationalisation in Czechoslovakia, brewery was reorganised to the company Západoslovenské pivovary, n.p. Bratislava (in English: Western Slovakia Breweries, national company Bratislava)
1989 – Fall of socialism in Czechoslovakia, brewery returned to original name Stein, still as a state company
1995 – Stein is transformed into the employees joint stock company S.t.e.i.n. a.s.
2007 – End of the beer production in Bratislava. Stein is now produced by Steiger Brewery in Vyhne (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stein_(brewery)).
Steiger Brewery
Vyhne č.24,966 02 Vyhne.
Slovakia’s oldest brewery was built in 1473 by the Knights Templar in the Banska Bystrica region. This turned out to be a good choice of location, as over the years the brewery would find success selling to the miners that dominated the work force of the area. Miners in the area often refer to beer as liquid bread and they often drank it while they worked.
Since 1473, the brewery has undergone many rebuilds and changed owners several times. Production went up and down, depending on the times. During times of war, sales would increase, however, during the German occupation in World War II Jaroslav Raiman, the director of operations was killed and many of the workers were arrested. This put a halt on production until December of 1944 when the brewery slowly started making beer again. During the communist era, more people drank beer and business peaked. In 1958 they sold 280-300 thousand hectoliters. It wasn’t until 2004 that the brewery became what it is today. The name Steiger Pivovar was adopted in April of 2006 and it became the companies main brand of beer. In 2007, Stein brewery moved their production from Bratislava, the countries capital, to the Steiger brewery. Steiger Brewery currently represent only 6-10% of the beer sales in Slovakia (www.slovakbeer.com/?cat=3).
Hun assortiment (www.steiger.sk/sortiment/steiger):
Vyhne is a village in the Žiar nad Hronom District, which is part of the Banská Bystrica Region in central Slovakia. Vyhne is located in the Štiavnické vrchy mountains, near the historic town of Banská Štiavnica. A nature reserve called Kamenné more ("Rocky Sea") lies near the village It lies at an altitude of 350 metres and covers an area of 18.34 km². Vyhne was first mentioned in 1256. The oldest still working brewery in Slovakia was founded there by the Knights Templar in 1473 (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vyhne).