EY: Bier = Economie

Het is weer bijna prinsjesdag met gezwets over cijfertjes en vermanende vingertjes. Vaak moet vooral de burger de economie weer draaiende krijgen. Is het niet met het inleveren van salaris of pensioen, dan wel met het financieren van banken en bestuurders. Laat ik als tip geven om de economie meer te steunen: drink bier.

Als onderbouwing van deze boude uitspraak speel ik de onderzoeks-troefkaart van EY:

Full report on Contribution made by beer to the European economy:

Vanaf 2006 heeft EY (Ernst & Young) rapporten uitgebracht over de economische waarde van de bierindustrie:

European breweries together produce almost 416 million hectolitres of beer. Some 55 million
hectolitres are exported (around 13 percent of total beer production), illustrating the fact that
the beer market is very much an international one. However consumers in many countries
also prefer to drink domestically, and locally, brewed beers. European beer is appreciated
worldwide, which explains why almost 23 million hectolitres are exported to countries outside
Europe with the United States the most important target market.
Exports are especially important for countries such as Denmark, the Netherlands, Belgium
and Ireland where the percentage of exports compared to total domestic beer production lies
between 47 and 57 percent. The strong export position of these countries is partly explained
by the fact that these are home to some of the world’s largest brewing companies (www.brewersofeurope.org/uploads/mycms-files/documents/archives/publications/Country%20chapters%20Economic%20impact%20of%20beer.pdf).

Ernst & Young is a global leader in assurance, tax, transaction and advisory services. Worldwide, our 141,000 people are united by our shared values and an unwavering commitment to quality. We make a difference by helping our people, our clients and our wider communities achieve their potential.
Ernst & Young refers to the global organization of member firms of Ernst & Young Global Limited, each of which is a separate legal entity (www.stonebrewing.com/news/110621pr/).




EY is een internationaal opererend dienstverlenend bedrijf actief op het gebied van accountancy en belastingadvies. Tot 30 juni 2013 was het bedrijf bekend onder de naam Ernst & Young.
EY is de overkoepelende naam van een internationaal samenwerkingsverband van lidfirma's. EY Global Limited is gevestigd in Londen en draagt zorg voor eenheid in het beleid van alle lidfirma's en bewaakt de wereldwijde kwaliteit van de dienstverlening. EY Global verleent geen diensten aan cliënten van EY, dat doen de lidfirma's.
In veel westerse landen heeft EY sterke lokale wortels. EY telt wereldwijd ruim 175.000 medewerkers en is gevestigd in zo'n 150 landen.
EY wordt samen met KPMG, PwC en Deloitte ook wel de Big Four genoemd (http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_%26_Young).

EY is een van de grootste financiële dienstverleningsbedrijven van Nederland. Tot 30 juni 2013 was het bedrijf bekend onder de naam Ernst & Young. Met EY worden de gezamenlijke activiteiten bedoeld van Ernst & Young Nederland LLP, Ernst & Young Accountants LLP, Ernst & Young Belastingadviseurs LLP en andere EY deelnemingen. EY Nederland maakt deel uit van de wereldwijde EY-organisatie. ot de voorgangers van EY behoort het oudste Nederlandse accountantskantoor. In 1883 was docent boekhouden Barend Moret (1851-1915) een van de vijf oprichters van het Bureel van Boekhouding Confidentia. Hiermee ontstond een nieuw beroep omdat deze vijf accountants zich door hun onafhankelijkheid onderscheidden van de boekhouders die in dienst waren van bedrijven en instellingen. Het beroep van belastingadviseur ontstond 34 jaar later toen in 1917 een belastinginspecteur voor zichzelf begon. Bij Moret werd hierna al snel een belastingadviesafdeling opgezet (http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_%26_Young_Nederland).

Barend Moret (Rotterdam, 8 juni 1851 - Driebergen, 13 april 1915) was een Nederlands ondernemer en medeoprichter van het Bureel van Boekhouding Confidentia, het eerste Nederlandse accountantskantoor. Hij was daarmee stamvader van het huidige EY in Nederland en grondlegger van het Nederlandse openbaar accountantsberoep (http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barend_Moret).

In 1883 was docent boekhouden Barend Moret één van de vijf oprichters van het Bureel van Boekhouding Confidentia. Hiermee legde hij de basis voor een nieuw beroep in Nederland, dat van openbaar accountant. Het kantoor ging op 1 januari 1883 van start op een steenworp afstand van het huidige hoofdkantoor van EY aan de Boompjes in Rotterdam. Bij de stichting van Confidentia bleef Barend Moret op de achtergrond. Hij hield zich voornamelijk bezig met het geven van boekhoudlessen. Eind 1900 kreeg Barend Moret de leiding over het kantoor, die hij later overdroeg op één van zijn zoons. Binnen Confidentia werkte Barend vooral aan het uitbreiden van de door hem geliefde adviespraktijk, een tak van sport die tot op de dag van vandaag sterk gepositioneerd is binnen het huidige EY  (http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barend_Moret).
Het door Moret opgerichte kantoor kent een geschiedenis van vele fusies en naamswijzigingen. Zo ging het Bureel van Boekhouding Confidentia al snel over in het door Barend Moret geleide Eerste Nederlandsche Accountantskantoor (ENAK). Barends’ zonen Jacobus en Johannes gingen ook het beroep van accountant uitoefenen. Tijdens de Eerste Wereldoorlog gingen hun wegen uiteen en ontstond in Rotterdam het kantoor Moret & Starke en in Den Haag het kantoor Moret & De Jong. Beide bureaus kwamen in 1964 weer bij elkaar en gingen in 1970 op in Moret & Limperg. In 1990 kwam het tot een fusie tussen Moret (lid van Arthur Young International) en Dechesne Ernst & Whinney. Vanaf dat jaar werd de naam gewijzigd in Moret Ernst & Young. Nog negen jaar voerde de Nederlandse vestiging van Ernst & Young deze naam (http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barend_Moret). Vele fusies op lokaal, landelijk en internationaal niveau hebben geleid tot de huidige EY organisatie. Tot 1999 maakte de naam Moret nog prominent deel uit van de naam van het Nederlandse deel van EY. Door verdergaande internationalisatie en standaardisering is wereldwijd in alle landen de naam teruggebracht tot EY (http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_%26_Young_Nederland).

Bij EY zetten wij ons in voor Building a better working world - met meer vertrouwen in het bedrijfsleven, duurzame groei, de ontwikkeling van talent in al zijn vormen, en meer samenwerking.
Wij willen zelfstandig, èn samen met gelijkgezinde organisaties en personen, een beter werkende wereld creëren. Dat is ons doel, en onze bestaansreden als organisatie.
Onze organisatie is doordrongen van een sterk plichtsbesef, waarbij wij aan de behoeften tegemoet willen komen van de diverse stakeholders die op ons rekenen voor het leveren van kwaliteit en uitmuntendheid bij alles wat we doen.
We willen ons mondiale bereik en onze mondiale schaalgrootte inzetten om een gezamenlijke dialoog te voeren over de uitdagingen waarmee economieën en de kapitaalmarkten te maken hebben.
Als het bedrijfsleven beter werkt, werkt de wereld beter (www.ey.com/NL/nl/About-us).

Onze wortels gaan terug tot de negentiende eeuw en onze grondleggers, Arthur Young en Alwin C. Ernst.
Arthur Young wordt geboren in Glasgow (Schotland). Na zijn rechtenstudie raakt hij geïnteresseerd in het bankwezen en in beleggingen. In 1890 verhuist hij naar de VS voor een loopbaan in accounting. In 1906 begint hij een accountantskantoor, Arthur Young & Company, samen met zijn broer Stanley.
Alwin C. Ernst wordt geboren in Cleveland (Verenigde Staten). Na zijn schooltijd werkt hij als boekhouder. In 1903 beginnen hij en zijn broer Theodore onder de naam Ernst & Ernst een klein kantoor voor overheidsboekhouding.
Beiden onderkennen het belang van hun mensen. In 1920 luidt de bedrijfsfilosofie van Ernst & Ernst: "Het succes van Ernst & Ernst staat of valt met het karakter, de bekwaamheid en de ijver van de mannen en vrouwen die samen de organisatie vormen." Young steunt de professionele ontwikkeling van zijn mensen. In de jaren twintig zet hij een opleiding voor medewerkers op en in de jaren dertig werft zijn firma als eerste nieuwe medewerkers op universiteitscampussen.
A.C. Ernst en Arthur Young overlijden kort na elkaar in 1948, zonder elkaar ooit ontmoet te hebben. Maar hun opvattingen leven voort en komen in 1989 bijeen als de door hen opgerichte firma's samen verdergaan als Ernst & Young. De nieuwe organisatie neemt spoedig een leidende positie in binnen de context van snelle mondialisering, de ontwikkeling van nieuwe bedrijfstechnologieën en voortdurende bedrijfsveranderingen (www.ey.com/NL/nl/About-us/Our-people-and-culture/Our-history).

A recent report by Ernst & Young [from 2011] has shown the importance of beer consumption, both as an indicator and as a principal dynamic to the economy. Commissioned by Brewers of Europe, a beer industry trade group, the study highlighted several key points which will help justify why you should be having a pint or two tonight.
While almost three-quarters of the jobs associated with beer consumption have nothing to do with breweries, there are tons of other jobs that are linked to the all the malt and hops. Think about all those jobs in restaurants, hotels and bars, all these jobs in these related industries support jobs in other industries. All of a sudden, you get a sense of how tugging on one string unravels everything else, and not just beer, but every industry. Unfortunately, the economic downturn has precipitated a decline in beer consumption. Remaining consumption has to a large extent shifted to in-home, which means corollary job losses in industries closely tied to away-from-home beer consumption (http://175proof.com/1-too-many-beers/drink-beer-save-jobs/).

Factsheet:
The brewing sector is important to the European economy:
 Annual sales in the EU-27 total €110 billion.
 2.1 million jobs are directly or indirectly due to the production and sale of beer.
 Approximately 17% (66 million hectolitres) of European beer production is exported.

However, the brewing sector contracted significantly following the economic downturn:
 There are around 3,300 breweries with a combined production of 386 million hectolitres of beer, 6% down on 2008.
 Beer consumption decreased by 4% from 374 million hectolitres in 2008 to 359 million hectolitres in 2009.

Having a crucial impact on the wider economy:
 Total employment attributed to the production and sale of beer decreased by 9% from 2.3 million jobs in 2008 to 2.1 million in 2009.
 The total value-added attributed to the production and sale of beer in the EU-27 decreased in the same period by 8%.

Impact on government revenues:
 Total government revenues arising from beer in terms of VAT, excise, income taxes, payroll taxes and social security contributions are estimated at €51 billion, equivalent to 46% of total sales value in 2009.
 Excise revenues from beer, estimated at approximately €8.7 billion in 2009, contribute significantly to national governments’ coffers.
 Despite rising VAT and excise rates in a number of Member States, total revenues between 2008 and 2009 for the 27 national governments decreased by 6% (€3.4 billion), with excise duty revenues falling from €9.7 billion to €8.7 billion, an 11% drop (www.brewersofeurope.org/uploads/mycms-files/documents/archives/publications/Factsheet_-_The_Contribution_made
_by_Beer_to_the_European_Economy_-_May_2011.pdf).
Ook in 2013 brachten ze een rapport uit: ;OL*VU[YPI\[PVU THKLI`)LLY[V[OL,\YVWLHU,JVUVT`-\SS9LWVY[ +LJLTILY ;OL)YL^L
(Bram Berkhout et al. , Amsterdam December 2013, www.ey.com/Publication/vwLUAssets/EY_-_The_Contribution_made_by_Beer_to_the_European_Economy/$FILE/EY-The-Contribution-made-by-Beer-to-the-European-Economy.pdf):

Demetrio Carceller, President of The Brewers of Europe:  With the numbers of breweries in Europe having increased to almost 4500, together we deliver total annual sales of around €111 billion, €51.5 billion in value-added and contribute €53 billion in tax to EU governments each year.
Perhaps most impressively, beer is also responsible for 2 million European jobs.
‘2 million’ is one of the most important numbers in this report. While the brewing sector and beer are a key part of the EU economy, they are also a key part of Europe’s social and cultural landscape. Over recent years, a major concern for brewers, who are often the main employers in their
communities, has been whether they can retain employees and whether they will be able to provide new jobs for young people.
This is a big responsibility. We strongly welcome the current European political focus on youth unemployment, as seen at the June 2013 Council of the EU summit and at the meeting of Heads of States of Europe at the ‘High Level Conference on Youth Employment’ in November 2013. As brewers, we are playing our role. Brewing is a highly skilled profession and the apprenticeship culture along the beer value chain means that we are an important source sectors like hospitality means that we help to support a flexible labour market, providing work for young and first time labour market entrants and those returning to the job market (www.ey.com/Publication/vwLUAssets/
EY_-_The_Contribution_made_by_Beer_to_the_European_Economy/$FILE/EY-The-Contribution-made-by-Beer-to-the-European-Economy.pdf).

(www.ey.com/Publication/vwLUAssets/EY_-_The_Contribution_made_by_Beer_
to_the_European_Economy/$FILE/EY-The-Contribution-made-by-Beer-to-the-European-Economy.pdf).

The EU is now home to around 4500 breweries, with breweries to be found in every EU country:
With a number of 1,339, Germany has the most breweries within the EU. Other EU Member
States with over 100 breweries are the United Kingdom (1,113), France (503), Italy (425), the
Czech Republic (213), Austria (171), Belgium (165), the Netherlands (165), Denmark (150),
Poland (132) and Spain (132).
The EU is home to around 4500 breweries and enjoys a rich mix of beer cultures and a tradition that dates back thousands of years. The EU is also home to the headquarters of the world’s largest brewing companies, which rank among the top consumer goods companies globally. In 2012, 390 million hectolitres of beer were produced in the EU, making the region the second largest beer producer in the world (www.ey.com/Publication/vwLUAssets/EY_-_The_Contribution_made_by_Beer_
to_the_European_Economy/$FILE/EY-The-Contribution-made-by-Beer-to-the-European-Economy.pdf).
to_the_European_Economy/$FILE/EY-The-Contribution-made-by-Beer-to-the-European-Economy.pdf).
Some 2 million EU
citizens have work
directly or indirectly
related to beer:
1 job in the brewing
sector creates 16 jobs
in the wider supply
chain  (www.ey.com/Publication/vwLUAssets/EY_-_The_Contribution_made_by_Beer_
to_the_European_Economy/$FILE/EY-The-Contribution-made-by-Beer-to-the-European-Economy.pdf; blz. 21).

The production and consumption of beer created a substantial number of jobs for the EU
Member States’ economies. The work of some 2 million EU citizens was directly or indirectly related to beer....Of the 217.5 million jobs in the EU, approximately 1 percent could be attributed to the
production and consumption of beer (www.ey.com/Publication/vwLUAssets/EY_-_The_Contribution_made_by_Beer_
to_the_European_Economy/$FILE/EY-The-Contribution-made-by-Beer-to-the-European-Economy.pdf; blz. 21).

The current beer market is extremely dynamic. While valuing the handicraft and traditional nature of beer, customers are also demanding quick and responsive action towards new trends, such as the increasing interest in new beer styles and the renewed curiosity in beer brewed locally (www.ey.com/Publication/vwLUAssets/EY_-_The_Contribution_made_by_Beer_
to_the_European_Economy/$FILE/EY-The-Contribution-made-by-Beer-to-the-European-Economy.pdf; blz. 28). Vervolgens wordt adviesbureau CampdenBRI.

In 2012, the brewing sector spent a total of 23.0 billion Euro on goods and services...
The packaging industry benefited the most from the expenditure by an average of 23 percent
(5.4 billion Euro) of the total purchases by brewing companies. The agricultural sector
accounted for a further 16 percent (3.7 billion Euro), media and marketing for 16 percent
(3.7 billion Euro) and the transport sector for 11 percent (2.6 billion Euro). The ‘services and
other’ category represented 20 percent (4.7 billion Euro) of the total expenditure (www.ey.com/Publication/vwLUAssets/EY_-_The_Contribution_made_by_Beer_
to_the_European_Economy/$FILE/EY-The-Contribution-made-by-Beer-to-the-European-Economy.pdf; blz. 31).

The EU has the largest malt production capacity in the world.
The EU is also the leading worldwide malt exporter, with 2.1 million tonnes of extra-EU exports over the past year.
The EU also accounted for more than half of the worldwide hop production in 2011, a total of some 51,800 tonnes. A substantial share of this was for the brewing sector. The German Hop Growers Association estimates that EU brewing companies and their breweries bought some 23,000 tonnes of a total value of 150 million Euro. As a growing volume  of beer was produced in countries such as China, Brazil and Russia, the export of hops became increasingly important to the EU hop sector as well (www.ey.com/Publication/vwLUAssets/EY_-_The_Contribution_made_by_Beer_
to_the_European_Economy/$FILE/EY-The-Contribution-made-by-Beer-to-the-European-Economy.pdf; blz. 37).

Op blz 38 valt m'n oog op een citaatje: There is an increasing preference for less bitter tasting beer
?? Ik dacht juist dat er een trend was voor bitterder bier? Sommige blogs waarschuwden er zelfs tegen...
De trend zou wel verklaren waarom SabMiller met de Grolsch Kornuit is gekomen...

The average EU citizen consumed 70 litres of beer a year (www.ey.com/Publication/vwLUAssets/EY_-_The_Contribution_made_by_Beer_
to_the_European_Economy/$FILE/EY-The-Contribution-made-by-Beer-to-the-European-Economy.pdf; blz. 42). Waarbij Tsjechen er ruim 140 liter en Italianen slechts 30 liter achterover sloegen. Oostenrijk en Duitsland zitten ook nog boven de 100 liter, maar Nederland zit ergens anoniem in het midden. In Frankrijk wordt niet veel meer dan in Italië gedronken. Frankrijk wordt ook genoemd als voorbeeld van belastingen: According to Les Brasseurs de France, beer prices rose by 14 percent in the course of 2013 after excise duty rates on beer were increased by 160 percent on 1 January. This led to a fall in demand for beer by 15 percent in the hospitality sector (www.ey.com/Publication/vwLUAssets/EY_-_The_Contribution_made_by_Beer_
to_the_European_Economy/$FILE/EY-The-Contribution-made-by-Beer-to-the-European-Economy.pdf; blz. 49). Since 2010, the beerrelated VAT revenues of the EU Member States increased from 17.9 to 19.2 billion Euro (+7%) (www.ey.com/Publication/vwLUAssets/EY_-_The_Contribution_made_by_Beer_to_the_European_Economy/$FILE/EY-The-Contribution-
made-by-Beer-to-the-European-Economy.pdf; blz. 53 en 57).

Terwijl in Europa steeds meer bier thuis wordt gedronken in plaats van in de horeca, blijkt in Spanje nog steeds veel in de horeca te worden omgezet. Dankzij de toeristen. Toerisme is ook iets waar EY verstand van heeft: EY (2013) The Hospitality Sector in Europe - An assessment of the economic contribution of the hospitality sector across 31 countries. De hoge prijs wordt genoemd als reden voor minder verkoop in de horeca.

Ultimately, higher beer prices in the hospitality sector result in a fall in demand
for beer in the hospitality sector. A drop in beer sales in the hospitality sector inevitably results in less
employment – which also means less income tax revenue (www.ey.com/Publication/vwLUAssets/EY_-_The_Contribution_made_by_Beer_to_the_European_Economy/$FILE/EY-The-Contribution-
made-by-Beer-to-the-European-Economy.pdf; blz. 64). Het rapport geeft vervolgens een (Deens) pleidooi voor belastingverlaging: “An excise duty reduction of 50 percent on both beer and soft drinks would create 1,300 Danish jobs” Bentsen explaines: "When Danes go to the border for cheaper beer and soft drinks, they purchase other goods too." (www.ey.com/Publication/vwLUAssets/EY_-_The_Contribution_made_by_Beer
_to_the_European_Economy/$FILE/EY-The-Contribution-
made-by-Beer-to-the-European-Economy.pdf; blz. 65).

Vervolgens worden per land de cijfers besproken.

Oostenrijk: Together with Germany, Belgium and the Czech Republic, Austria has a long history in the art of traditional brewing. In line with previous years, Austria still produces a substantial volume of beer.

België: With a production of 18,751,000 hectolitres, Belgium was the sixth largest producer of beer in the EU in 2012. ...Lager still makes up the major share of Belgian beer production. However, Belgium is famous for its production of a significant number of traditional speciality beers, such as Gueuze, Trappist and Wheat beer are populair throughout the World.

Bulgarije: Until the political transition to democracy in 1989, all Bulgarian brewing companies were owned by the State. The brewing sector was the subject of a rapid privatisation which led to the entry of many foreign investors modernising the sector tremendously. This has led to more production, consumption and exports both to EU Member States and to third countries.
However, since 2008 the Bulgarian brewing sector has witnessed a marked decline in the production and consumption of beer.

Kroatië: From 2008 to 2011, Croatia had seven brewing companies and an equal number of breweries. In 2012, one of the companies had to close its doors.

Cyprus: Beer production in Cyprus has been declining over recent years. ...According to the Cyprus Brewers’ Association, the drop in production was mainly a result of the growing beer imports...

Tsjechië: In 1842the first Pilsner was brewd in the Czech Republic, the birth of the most popular beer category worldwide. Czech people consider beer as a national beverage and are very proud of it.

Denemarken: Danish beer production decreased between 2008 and 20112. Following a general trend in Europe, beer was consumed less in bars and restaurants, and more at home. On-trade consumption in Denmark has decreased by 2 percent since 2008 to 25 percent. According to Danish brewing companies, this decline was (mainly) due to the economic crisis which hit the hospitality sector hard.

Estland: Beer production in Estonia showed a substantial increase since 2008, with an expansion of almost 300,000 hectolitres (23 percent). Together with the Czech Republic, this increase in production was proportionately the largest in the EU. This was due to growth in the total export market.

Finland: In 2012, total beer production in Finland declined by almost 10 percent as compared with 2008 whereas the number of brewing companies grew substantially over the same period.

Frankrijk: The number of brewing companies increased substantially due to the substantial growth of the number of small breweries which produce speciality beers. Two brewing companies , both belonging to one of the five major brewing companies in the EU, represented almost three-quarters of the French beer market in 2012. France also had a large group of artisan producers of beer in small quantities. Premium beers and speciality beers accounted for 77 percent of the sale value.

Duitsland: German beer production is substantially higher than that of the other EU Member States. ... The number of breweries increased between 2008 and 2011, but this trend stopped in 2011 and then declined by 8 in 2012.

Griekenland: More brewing companies became active in the Greek beer market, launching Greek beer brands in particular. Greek products are becoming more favoured. In line with this trend, local brewing companies are becoming more popular. In 2012, a total of 20 brewing companies were active in the Greek beer market, of which five were key players
The two largest brewing companies (both foreign) together held a market share of 75 percent. Their lagers made up approximately 90 percent of the beer sold in the Greek market.

Hongarije:  Despite the decline [of production], the number of breweries and brewing companies grew substantially between 2011 and 2012

Ierland: The Irish beer market is mature and highly competitive. There are two large brewing companies in Ireland with a market share of up to three-quarters. In 2012, beer was the most popular alcoholic beverage among the Irish people. However, over the last few years, consumption has been shifting from beer to wine.

Italië:  Italian brewing companies have been developing new and innovative products.

Letland: Although Latvia is a relatively small country, it has a substantial brewing sector. Sixteen breweries are located within the Latvian borders. There are three big brewing companies with a total market share of 80 percent. Private labels account for approximately 8 percent market share.

Litouwen: In 2012, 2.8 million hectolitres of beer were produced by 73 breweries based in Lithuania, mainly produced by ten large brewing companies. The production of beer in Lithuania declined by almost 8 percent since 2008. The brewery landscape changed over the years. The number of active brewing companies in Lithuania increased by approximately a third between 2008 and 2012. This indicates that although the volume of beer produced declined, the diversity of the market substantially increased. Lithuania is home to a large number of small and microbreweries producing beer for the national market.

Luxemburg: The Luxembourgish brewing sector has seven active brewing companies.

Nederland: At the end of 2012, the Dutch brewing sector consisted of 165 active breweries, including 42 new small breweries, of which 22 had an annual production of no more than 1,000 hectolitres. In 2012, the largest eight Dutch brewing companies represented 95 percent of the total beer production in the Netherlands.
Dutch consumers are becoming more interested in different beer styles. As a result, more and more events, such as festivals, are organised around beer throughout the year.
Due to increasing differentials between excise duty rates applicable to beer in the Netherlands, Germany and Belgium, cross border beer shopping between these countries is growing

Noorwegen: Between 2008 and 2012, Norwegian beer production declined by more than 10 percent, leading to a total production of approximately 2.3 million hectolitres in 2012. Over the same period the number of brewing companies and breweries increased sharply. This was mainly related to an increase in the number of microbreweries.
As in several other countries, the Norwegian consumer is showing an increasing interest in craft and premium beers. The number of microbreweries is increasing, as is their market share. This has stimulated innovation among larger brewing companies to develop more specialty beers and to focus more on brand building.

Polen: A pivotal development in the Polish beer market in 2012 was market polarisation. The Polish beer sector experienced strong growth in the super premium segment, accompanied by a significant increase in economy brands and privagte labels. A revival of small and medium-sized (local) brewing companies with new niche brands also took place, while beer sales from big brewing companies declined.
Another important development in the Polish beer market was a wider diversity in beer styles. Polish brewers started massive innovation efforts to follow the growing interest among consumers for new flavours and new beer experiences. These efforts led to many new products on the market, such as beer mixes, specialty beers and non-pasteurised beers.

Portugal: Between 2008 and 2012, the production of beer in Portugal fell by 2.7 percent, resulting in a total production of nearly 8 million hectolitres in 2012. Due to a merger, the number of active brewing companies decreased. In 2011 and 2012, the Portugese beer market welcomed its first microbreweries.

Roemenië: In 2012, the Romanian brewing sector consisted of 17 breweries including 2 microbreweries, which belonged to 12 brewing companies. Some of the major EU brewing companies have subsidiaries in Romania.

Slovakije: Since 2008, the number of active breweries in Slovakia increased from 13 to 30. The main reason for this substantial increase was the growth in the number of microbreweries.
As in most Eastern EU Member States, foreign companies entered the Slovak beer market. Most of the large breweries in Slovakia are owned by multinational brewing concerns. The two largest multinational brewing companies together account for a market share of 73 percent (one company holds 45 percent and the other 28 percent).

Slovenië: According to the Association of Slovene Brewers, the main reason for this decrease was the decline in domestic beer consumption. In particular, there was a pronounced decrease in the consumption of Radlers in 2012. Nevertheless, the number of brewing companies in Slovenia increased with the emergence of microbreweries. Since 2010, 8 microbrewing
companies have been established.
For years, the Slovene beer market has been dominated by two national brands. One of them has been brewed for more than 175 years in Lasko and the other has 140 years of brewing history in Ljubljana. Slovenes did not have their own beer before the founding of those brewing companies. Since then, the number of brewing companies has grown substantially.
Over recent years, discounters have taken a substantial part of the retail market share from the two major breweries.

Spanje: In contrast with the decreased production level, the number of brewing companies and breweries rose, with a substantial increase in microbreweries.

Zweden: Swedish beer production has shown a substantial increase since 2008...In line with this development, the number of breweries in the Swedish beer market exploded. According to the Brewers of Sweden, every month a new brewery opened its doors, leading to 75 active breweries in 2012. Compared to other EU Member States, Swedish brewing companies are rather small. All brewing companies, except for one multinational, are owned by Swedes, often families. This is very unusual compared to the other Nordic countries.
Since 2010, the Brewers of Sweden have witnessed a shift in drinking habits in Sweden. According to the Association, Swedes became very interested in beer, including to combine beer with special food. Furthermore, binge drinking has become less widespread

Zwitserland: Total beer production in Switzerland has declined almost constantly since 2008, with a total drop of 3 percent between 2008 and 2012. Nevertheless, the number of microbreweries grew sharply. Since 2008, more than 100 microbreweries have been established (an increase of almost 50 percent).
The Swiss beer market is dominated by two multinationals. Besides these two major players, many regional breweries, microbreweries and brewing pubs are active. In 2012, Switzerland had a total of 375 breweries.

Turkije: The Turkish brewing sector is dominated by two brewing companies that operate a total of six breweries in Turkey and together their market share is 99 percent. Besides these breweries, there are five microbreweries active in the Turkish market.
The entire brewing sector produces 37 different brands of beer, most of them being manufactured by the two large players.

Groot Brittanië: In 2012, the UK brewing sector consisted of 12 large brewing companies, 38 medium-sized brewing companies and 1,063 small breweries. There has been a huge growth in the number of small breweries over the past decade. Although these breweries may produce up to 60,000 hectolitres per year, over 90 percent produce less than 5,000 hectolitres per year.

(www.ey.com/Publication/vwLUAssets/EY_-_The_Contribution_made_by_Beer_
to_the_European_Economy/$FILE/EY-The-Contribution-made-by-Beer-to-the-European-Economy.pdf)

Kortom, als ik deze bovenstaande landen overzie concludeer ik dat het drinken van bier afneemt, maar dat het aantal brouwerijen toeneemt. Deze kleine bedrijfjes vragen leveranciers om spullen en aannemers om hulp en lokale cafés en slijterijen om diensten...